The judicial application of article 2 TEU values: moving towards a self-standing provision?
Keywords:
European Union Law, Article 2 TEU, fundamental values, Rule of LawCopyright (c) 2024 Revista Jurídica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Abstract
Article 2 TEU enshrines the values on which the European Union is founded. Despite its contested legal nature, the Court of Justice has developed a rich case-law on this provision, rendering the judicial application of EU values, on some occasions, as a last-resort mechanism to uphold them. This article examines the conditions in which such judicial application takes place, specifically in relation to the possibility of applying Article 2 TEU as an autonomous and self-standing provision. In doing so, it examines the nature, content and applicability of Article 2 TEU in light of the Court’s recent case-law and of the system of legal remedies enshrined in the Treaties, in order to determine whether this provision may be applied autonomously, as well as the applicable conditions and limits to that end.
Downloads
References
BANKS, K. y VON RINTELEN, G., «The infringement procedure: a key driver of the development of European Union law», en European Commission, Legal Service, 70 Years of EU Law: A Union for its Citizens (Oficina de Publicaciones de la Unión Europea, Luxemburgo, 2022).
CARTABIA, M., «Europe as a Space of Constitutional Interdependence: New Questions about the Preliminary Ruling», German Law Journal, núm. 16, vol. 6, 2015.
ERLBACHER, F. y HARRMANN, K., «Fundamental Values of the European Union: From Principles to Legal Obligations,» en European Commission, Legal Service, 70 Years of EU Law: A Union for its Citizens (Oficina de Publicaciones de la Unión Europea, Luxemburgo, 2022).
GUTIÉRREZ-FONS, J. A., «El Tribunal de Justicia y la Unión Europea como una “unión de valores”», Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo, núm.76, 2023.
ÍÑIGUEZ, G., «The Enemy Within? Article 259 TFEU and the EU’s Rule of Law Crisis», German Law Journal, núm. 23, vol. 8, 2022.
KOCHENOV, D., «Article 7 TEU: A Commentary on a Much-Talked About Dead Provision», Polish Yearbook of International Law, núm. 38, 2018.
LENAERTS, K., MASELIS, I. y GUTMAN, K., EU Procedural Law (Oxford University Press, 2014).
LENAERTS, K., «New Horizons for the Rule of Law Within the EU», German Law Journal, núm. 21, 2020.
LENAERTS, K., «On Checks and Balances: The Rule of Law Within the EU», Columbia Journal of European Law, núm. 29, vol. 2, 2023.
MARTÍN Y PÉREZ DE NANCLARES, J., «La Unión Europea como comunidad de valores: a vueltas con la crisis de la democracia y el Estado de Derecho», Teoría y Realidad Constitucional, núm. 43, 2019.
PECES-BARBA, G., «Los valores superiores», Anuario de Filosofía del Derecho, 1987.
PECH, L., «“A Union Founded in the Rule of Law”: Meaning and Reality of the Rule of Law as a Constitutional Principle of EU» EU Constitutional Law Review, núm. 6, 2010.
PIERRÉ-CAPS, S., «La Constitution comme ordre des valeurs», en La Constitution et les valeurs; Mélanges en l’honneur de Dimitri Georges Lavroff, Paris (Dalloz), 2005.
PRETE, L., Infringement Proceedings in EU Law (Wolters Kluwer, Aalphen aan de Rijn, 2017).
ROSSI, L., «La valeur juridique des valeurs. L’article 2 TUE: relations avec d’autres dispositions de droit primaire de l’UE et remèdes juridictionnels», Revue trimestrielle de droit européen, núm. 56, vol. 3.
SAFJAN, M. «Domestic Infringements of the Rule of Law as a European Union Problem», Osteuropa Recht, núm. 64, vol. 4, 2019.
SARMIENTO, D., El Derecho de la Unión Europea, 4ª Ed., Madrid, (Marcial Pons), 2022.
SPIEKER, L. D., «Breathing Life into the Union’s Common Values: On the Judicial Application of Article 2 TEU in the EU Value Crisis», German Law Journal, vol. 20, 2019.
SPIEKER, L. D., «Defending Union Values in Judicial Proceedings. On How to Turn Article 2 TEU into a Judicially Applicable Provision», en VON BOGDANDY, A. et al. (eds.) Defending Checks and Balances in Member States, Berlin (Springer) 2021.
SPIEKER, L. D., EU Values Before the Court of Justice. Foundations, Potential, Risk, 1ª ed., Oxford (Oxford University Press), 2023.
TRIDIMAS, T. y GENTILE, G., «The Essence of Rights: An Unreliable Boundary?» German Law Journal, núm. 20, 2019.
TRIDIMAS, T., «Wreaking the Wrongs: Balancing Rights and the Public Interest in the EU Way», Columbia Journal of European Law, núm. 29, vol. 2, 2023.
WINTER, J. A., «Direct Applicability and Direct Effect. Two Distinct and Different Concepts in Community Law», Common Market Law Review, vol. 9, núm. 4, 1970.