La Retención de la Dirección Escolar. Diseño de un Modelo Bioecológico sobre la Retención Directiva
Palabras clave:
Educación, Escuela, Directores, Liderazgo, política educativa
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Resumen
Investigaciones previas han destacado la contribución fundamental del liderazgo en el mejoramiento educativo. Directoras y directores juegan un rol clave en movilizar los procesos de transformación escolar, fortaleciendo las capacidades y motivaciones docentes, y estableciendo las condiciones organizacionales óptimas para apoyar los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. El propósito de este artículo es contribuir al área de la gestión del talento directivo proponiendo un modelo que podría ayudar a explicar y reducir la deserción directiva. Usando la estrategia de revisión de la literatura integrativa hemos explorado las últimas dos décadas (2001-2021) de publicaciones sobre retención directiva. Un total de 28 artículos fueron analizados en profundidad, identificando 23 variables centrales que podrían explicar la decisión directiva de permanecer o retirarse de la escuela. Organizamos estas variables en un modelo bioecológico incluyendo dimensiones individuales, interpersonales, organizacionales, comunitarias y políticas. Los resultados son una invitación a creadores de políticas públicas, administradores educacionales y lideres educativos a generar estrategias para fortalecer la retención de directoras y directores. Concluimos presentando limitaciones y dirección para futuras investigaciones.
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